фото раскопок новгород

Gaimster, D, 2001, Pelts, pitch and pottery: the archaeology of Hanseatic trade in medieval Novgorod, in Brisbane and Gaimster (eds.) Novgorod: The Archaeology of a Medieval Russian City and its Hinterland, British Museum Occasional Paper 141, London.

Brorsson, T, 2001, Behind the pottery: signs of contacts across the Baltic Sea, in Brisbane and Gaimster (eds.) Novgorod: The Archaeology of a Medieval Russian City and its Hinterland, British Museum Occasional Paper 141, London.

Brisbane, M, Medieval Novgorod and its hinterland: ten years of international collaboration, in Brisbane and Gaimster (eds.) Novgorod: The Archaeology of a Medieval Russian City and its Hinterland, British Museum Occasional Paper 141, London (2001)

Hather, J, 1999. Wood Use in medieval Novgorod, in Novgorod and Novgorod Land: History and Archaeology, 46 – 57. Novgorod

Brisbane, M, Gaimster, D & Orton, C, 1999. Novgorod Ceramics: Preliminary investigations, in Novgorod and Novgorod Land: History and Archaeology, 71 – 82. Novgorod.

References to key papers resulting directly from the project

The quality of the preservation of organic materials within Novgorod makes this study of pan-European value to archaeology for it allows the analysis of this material to a level not possible elsewhere. The integration of organic materials into the wider study of other forms of material culture has wide ranging implications for the way that medieval artifacts are studied and valued.

These results have implications throughout Europe for the study of the origins and development of medieval towns; the study of archaeological materials particularly wood and ceramics; the scientific methods used in dendrochronology; and the analysis of complex societies.

The consolidation of a new dendrochronology laboratory in Novgorod was undertaken. It has developed clear research objectives. Its staff has been given appropriate training, including time spent in the Copenhagen National Museum’s dendro lab. The award of an INTAS Fellowship for Ms Olga Tarabardina was instrumental in this regard.

Issues to do with the study of dendrochronology were examined. First amongst these was the comparison between curves created for NW Russia with other parts of northern Europe, especially Scandinavia and the Baltic. Differences in curves created from pine and spruce were noted, indicating a reliable pine-based curve, but an as yet unreliable spruce curve.

It examined the use of wood within the medieval town: for fuel, for structures (buildings and streets) and for artifacts. Species of wood used were identified and the extent of turning (by pole lath) was considered. A digital archive of the images of many of the wooden artifacts was completed and is the basis of a publication on various aspects of wood and wood working in Novgorod.

It examined the imported pottery from the Baltic and Western Europe, quantifying these and comparing their distribution within Novgorod to other towns, notably Pskov. Various explanations for differences in their distribution were investigated such as the town’s position with regard to the Hanseatic trading community.

It enhanced existing research capabilities in the study of medieval ceramics in NW Russia, providing appropriate training for Russian personnel in the study and analysis of large assemblages from urban deposits.

The project helped to establish a chronological framework for early medieval towns in NW Russia based on the evidence from ceramics and dendrochronology, mostly from Novgorod but also including Pskov and Stara Russa. It examined the large bulk of ceramic material (largely grey wares) from Novgorod, creating a form and fabric series based on the material from the excavations at the Troitsky site and a comparison with similar material from other medieval towns (e.g. Pskov and Torshok). It produced results on possible local production centres for some of these ceramics, suggesting non-local sources for a small minority.

Project Co-ordinator: Mark Brisbane, Bournemouth University

* Timber buildings at the Troitsky excavations, Novgorod

A Chronological Framework for early medieval Towns in NW Russia: the evidence from ceramics and dendrochronology (INTAS-96-099)

The Archaeology of medieval Novgorod, Russia

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A Chronological Framework for early medieval Towns in NW Russia | Archaeology Group | Bournemouth University